Peace and War Essay

It was a wonderful period in human history. Peace existed through the large mass of geographic territory that many people of different cultures inhabited. It was the summer and the multitude of the population of these various neighboring countries enjoyed the prosperity they were blessed with. Then, a time moved forward†¦ It was a tragic and horrible way to die: drowning in one’s own blood because holes have been burned in the lungs due to the corrosive inhaled vapors that the canisters exploded. This was the unfortunate result of chemical and gas weapons. Could there be a worse way to die? Yes: starving on the battlefield as evidenced by gaunt corpses littering the landscape. This was the reality of World War One. Europe was a beautiful place in the early 20th century and the notion of war was the furthest thing from anyone’s mind. That is, it was far removed from people’s thoughts until a chain of events occurred that launched the massive devastation of The Great War. Perhaps those people in Europe only deluded themselves into thinking war as impossible. After all, the history of Europe (and many parts of the rest of the world) is one that chronicles war after war after war. The ability to live without war is simply a utopian fantasy that is not based in reality. In evidence of this, all one needs to do is look at the entirety of history. Throughout history, thousands of wars have been fought. Some have been justifiable acts of self defense, others have been aggressive acts of imperialism, and others have been simply been colossal errors in judgment that had tragic consequences. Regardless of the reasons for the onset of war, the fact remains that wars occurred and will continue to occur throughout human history. Peace and War Page 2 In reality, there will always be aggressive actions as long as nations seek international and domestic goals that may be at odds with other nations; cultural differences exist between societies that lead to tensions; imperial expansions and aggressions become a nation’s standard policy; dictatorships that are not accountable to their population continue to flourish; and human nature continues to embody Darwin’s model of â€Å"survival of the fittest. † This does not mean that human beings are bloodthirsty and crave violence and the subjugation of others. What it means is that nations seek self-preservation. In order to maintain this self-preservation (whether it is a noble goal or an imperial one), nations will require military buildups in order to deter interference or threats to their international and domestic interests. When such threats are perceived action will be taken. Of course, such action usually invites retaliation and the result is often full scale war. While we wish such a situation were avoidable, it has occurred so often in history that it was become, for lack of a better word, â€Å"standard operating procedure† on the part of certain world powers and they are not going to change this policy any time soon. In other words, for war to be eliminated from the landscape of human existence, then human nature itself must change. For all serious considerations, human nature is not going to change on such a grand scale that war actions become obsolete. Again, such a concept is utopianism not based in pragmatic, practical reality; but, rather, a complete disregard for the consistent actions of human beings since biblical times. As such, war will never disappear and will remain part of the human landscape forever more.

PP0126 Learning Arena As A Learning E Essay

Medical Assistant profession is only known in Malaysia. It is part of the medical profession creates by the Ministry of Health, Malaysia in the sixties to overcome the shortage of medical officer in the country. We need to go through three years training program conducted by our Ministry of Health in order to be a qualified as a Medical Assistant. My speciality is in Emergency and Trauma care management, with sixteen years working experiences in the Emergency Department (ETD) and currently attached to the ETD in one of the hospital located in central region. In this assignment I will discuss and explore how practice arena can assist in learning as well to identify the learning opportunity available for learners and how I integrate my professional role to develop health care profession competency. My focus will be on the factors of physical and social climate and how does it affect learning in my practice arena. Based on the theories of humanism and Androgogy compare with the concept suggested in the literature, I will come with my recommendation on how I am going to promote my practice arena into a more conducive learning environment. There are few factors or element that can affect or influence learning environment. The most important elements are physical environment, social climate and learning opportunities (Ministry of Health Malaysia, 2006) that I am focusing now. Discussing about the physical element, resources are among thing that we should considered within the placement. Ileris (2011) claimed the variety of opportunity and situation offer to learners is the most significant factors influencing the quality of practice arena as 1 learning environment. He further quotes that difference type of workplace offer different  learning environment with different learning opportunity. The emergency and trauma department or my practice arena cover one whole block and the facilities and services available encompassing a wide range of emergent trauma and non trauma condition, from the critically ill or severely injured to those with minor ailment. The scope include pre hospital care services, resuscitation and stabilisation, diagnosis and definitive care management, one stop crisis centre and medical coverage. The facilities available are dividing into zone ranging from a critical to  a non critical zone where patient management are triage according to the severity of illness. There are three main zones, one observation bay equipped with 5 beds, a procedure room for minor surgical procedures and a sterilisation unit for collecting and receiving sterile item from the central sterilisation department. Each zone or treatment areas are equipped with standard equipment for it functionalities inclusive of an emergency trolley, cardiac monitor and defibrillators, portable ventilators and airway management, radiography machine, ultra sound machine, electrocardiogram,  refrigerator and blood analyser machine. It provide a wide range of learning opportunity to learners and students to develops their skills ,knowledge and understanding of the role and function with the organisation( Evan et. al, 2006). However all these equipment needs speciality and skills to be operates and 2 learners need period of time to get familiar with the equipment. The department need to send learners for user training and courses before they can handle the machine. My practice arena is amongst the busiest place in the hospital compound. Even worse  when facing the incidence of mass casualties where every staffs busy with their own task. However it doesn’t mean that they have no time with the learner. They are actually a good role model for learner where they can work and learn at the same time. They are willing to shares their working experience, skills, knowledge and ideas with student or learners even though they are very with their tasks. In fact chaotic working environment is rich for learning because of large volume of patient of varying acuity and learner will take responsibility of their own learning, identifying gap in knowledge, seeing feedback  and working toward closing these gap. (Goldman et. al, 2009) Every zone is fully air conditioning and furnished with patient’s beds, trolleys and wheelchairs. We also have an access to internet and intranet where Learners will have the opportunity to access the heath information system, interaction between the instructors and as well among learners as it is the key point for good practice and learning expectation for each area (Severs and Pearson, 1999), (Ileris, 2011). But there are limitations as some of the equipment and facilities only can be use by professional  and expert and the use of internet has been block by the management from being access in an improper way and only involved with certain website, this may lead to frustration and conflict to extensive use in workplace learning (Ileris, 2011). We also 3 have teaching room or a seminar room with selection of books, journal and handout available which is accessible to learners. Apart from the facilities above my placement arena also have 2 unit of type A, 3 unit of type B and 5 unit of type C ambulances. They are all equipped with standard equipment and also link by the radio communication services. In order to be part of the ambulance services team, learner need to undergo basic training on the basic equipment available inside the ambulance and how to use radio communication system. They are attached with qualified personnel as a mentor who is in charge of the ambulance services. For the convenience of every staffs, student and even public, my placement arena offer excellent facilities such as rest room with television set, tea room and pantry, accessible wash room and toilet, emergency fire exit with fire extinguisher and waiting area provided with chairs and queue number system. Quinn (2007) states that this basic needs make learner feel secure and comfortable and enable them to concentrate in their learning. Nevertheless my placement area doesn’t have any skill laboratory where student can practice their skills and knowledge. However the higher management has planned to set it up in few years time for the benefit of all parties. 4 My practice arena offer a placement for student nurses, newly graduates medical assistant and medical students doing their internships and housemanship program from the nearby colleges and higher institution. In fact the facilities has been gazetted as one  of the teaching hospital by the government and the Ministry of Health Malaysia as a whole. Learners and student will need to be introduced to the new environment to get them off to a good start by establishing a sense of belonging, creating a welcoming learning environment, supplying information that will answer their question and removing any uncertainties once they reporting themselves for the placement. Gopee (2008) stated this as an essential and effective when new experience are linked to prior knowledge where it begin with familiarisation with the clinical setting, clinical specialism,  get to know with mentor and staffs and feeling that they are part of the team inorder to meet the learning needs and achievement of their practice objective. The availability of the multidisciplinary staffs ranging from the higher level management and clinician to a well trained paramedics (Goppe, 2008) form the basis of inter- professional learning and will be an advantage for the student to learned and adopted as their role model and mentors. West et. al (2007) highlight that the practice is not only the environment where services is delivered to client but also a learning area where  future and qualified practioner continually utilise the opportunity provide to them as an experience to facilitate their professional development. 5 It is an effort of every personnel to create the practice arena into an interesting and conducive place to learn. Fox (2009) describe learning environment as a place or setting where learning occur. This include physical setting, interpersonal and instructional characteristic that influence learner’s performance. The nature of learning environment is important in establishing an expansive learning area (Evan et. al, 2006)  but sometime it is difficult to achieve as to some leader it is not a priority and therefore there must be a balance against priority in order to improve learning. Hand(2006) suggest that placement should be of higher quality accompanied by improved teaching support to help student gain better practical skills. But a high standard ward with rigid task allocation, with hierarchical system exist are unlikely to meet student learning needs (Fretwell, 1980) Relationship between manager and subordinates and vice versa is another important aspect of social climate in learning environment. Hand (2006) stated that mutual respect, integrated and valued student, manager’s commitment, interactive communication, motivated employers, supportiveness and openness are among the element that contributing to a conducive learning environment. Chan (2001) highlight that inter personnel relationship between staffs are crucial in order to develop a positive learning environment. Hand (2006) described the relationship between teacher and learner must be genuine, non- threatening, lasting relationship and encourage learner to give feedback in order to promote learning and Nolan (1998) found out that learning  desire will reduce without supportive from learning arena. 6 My unit manager is very supportive and committed person, caring attitude and openness especially toward professional development, friendly, approachable and knowledgeable. He motivates the staffs by sending them for courses, workshops and seminar to upgrade their skills and knowledge, counselling and indirectly benefit student placement in the areas. I believe he is a role model in my placement areas. The success and fall of the placement as a conducive learning arena depend on the management, leadership style and the relationship which exist between the people, the  manager and the goals in the organisation (Weir et. al, 2010). Inorder to develop a positive learning environment, there must be a positive management style and interpersonal relationship among manager, staffs and learner. Fretwell (1988), Pembrey (1988) described ward manager as a key figure in the organisation in establishing and maintaining a ward atmosphere conducive learning environment and patient care environment as well. Practice area learning are mostly student centred learning where learner and student needs to participates and involve themselves in the activities design in the practice  area. Self awareness is therefore very important and Cook (1999), mention that many nurses educationist are focused on self awareness to get the learning opportunity in the practice area. In this way student are able to make judgement of their own and identify their strength and weakness in consistent to andragogy approach as self assessment which help them to develop awareness of their own standard of practice (Chambers, 1998). This can be in the form of formal and informal learning activities. In my placement area, student or learners will have the opportunity to involve themselves in  7 discussion, case presentation, in house courses and continuous medical education which is plan weekly for every qualified personnel. For pre registration student this is a good chance to get new ideas, knowledge and skills and for post registration it is professional refreshment. Spouse (2001) clarified that knowledge quickly become outdated as rapid pace of technology and to be more effective this continuous professional development should be carried out under the guidance of experience and knowledgeable colleagues with the evidence of attendances. The collaboration of one  department with other organisation and between unit and section in the department should be considered as one of the factors that influencing the provision of good experience within the placement. This is because exchange and sharing of ideas between these two different organisations happened to achieve the same goal. We have been discussed many factors influencing learning in my practice setting such as physical environment, social climate and learning opportunities available in my practice setting and this will definitely give a better output toward learning environment  in the placement arena. Although I have identified many of the learning opportunities but there are some limitation on the implementation especially on the resources. I have made some recommendation to be bringing forward to improve the placement arena in future. I believe that this can be fulfils if the higher level management, training institution, mentors as well learners themselves is really committed to make changes toward the excellence learning environment. To make the process going smoothly everybody should take parts and plays their role accordingly.

Keynesian Economics Essay

The application of the Keynesian theory of economics has been a long standing controversy between the conservatives and the liberal factions of the American political, social, and economic fronts. Despite the controversy, Keynesianism has evidently influenced economic policies in the United States since the Second World War. This essay explains the impact of Keynesian Economics on fiscal policy in the United States. First, the author will briefly detail the provisions of the Keynesian economic theory. Some examples of recent policy actions that represent attempts at using Keynesian principles in the US are also given. Keynesian theory of economics describe a normal economy as one marked with high employment levels and normal spending by individuals in the society, a factor which leads to continuous circulation of money in the economic (Mankiw). According to him, shaking the confidence of the consumers to the economy forces them to save their income as a way of weathering the economic hardship. Failed flow of consumer money into the economy prompts the supplies to hoard their money (Mankiw). This causes a vicious circle where everybody is not willing to spend their money, thus risking an economic recession. In order to resolve this economic crisis, Keynesian Economics calls for the central bank to engage in expanding and contracting money supply in the market (Rigdon, et al 67). According Keynes, when the government pumps more bills to the people, their confidence in the economy is boosted, forcing them to increasing their expenditure, thus reinstating the normal circular flow of money in the economy. This theory has found its widespread use in controlling the American economy. This is first evident in the common practice by the Federal Reserve Bank of buying government debt from commercial banks which increases the amount of money these banks can lend (Bardes, Shelley, and Schmidt 71). Another impact of the Keynesian Economics in America is the move by the government to reduce credit requirements for commercial banks. This allows the banks to generate more money from its operations. Still, the Federal Reserve Bank can reduce it lending rates to commercial banks thus allowing them to lend more money (Bardes, Shelley, and Schmidt 76). All these serve to increase the amount of money in commercial banks, a factor which enhancing its lending capacity. On the other hand, to contract the flow of money in the economy, the Federal Reserve Bank will increase its selling of US debt, increase credit requirement, and lending rates to commercial banks (Bardes, Shelley, and Schmidt 104). This limits the lending ability by commercial banks. This is what is commonly referred to as countercyclical policies as they contradict the direction of the business system to ensure a balance of the economy. Available literature indicates that through contracting and expanding of money supply by the Federal Reserve Bank, the American economy has managed to survive an economic depression of same magnitude as the Great Depression of the 1930s (Rigdon, et al 67). This information claim that America has sailed through nine recessions during the twentieth century without any going to a depression. Such recessions include those of 1960-61, 1973-75, 1980-83, and 1990-92. Thus, economic control in the American nation employs the Keynesian Economic theory as the government gives the Federal Reserve Board the mandate to balance the economy through the discretionary monetary policy (Rigdon, et al 89). There are a number of examples of recent policy actions by the American government that represent attempts at using Keynesian principles. The Obama administration entered offices in the midst of an economic recession that had seen an increase in the rate of unemployment among the Americans to an estimated 8%. In a move to restore the economy, the government engaged in pumping significant amount taxpayer money. This move was aimed at limiting the level of unemployment to below 8% (Bardes, Shelley, and Schmidt 123). Such was in line with the Keynesian economic theory which claims that in a recession crisis, the government should expand money supply to enhance consumer confidence in the economy, thus reestablish the cyclic flow of money into the economic. However, this economic stimulus did less than to worsen the unemployment rates in the nation to about 10% by January 2009 (Rigdon, et al 71). The government has nevertheless defended this move claiming that the stimulus was too small to significantly revive the deep recession that had impacted on the American economy. Due to this reason, the Obama administration seeks approval for a second economic stimulus. The failure of this fiscal policy has been blamed for taking for granted the dilemma between government spending and reduction of tax as viable approaches to economic recovery. Critics of increased government spending in a short time it ineffective given the complex process of approval and reliable implementation compared to tax reduction. In conclusion, Keynesian economics has greatly influenced fiscal policy actions in the US since after the second. This is the model that is thanked by many for the economic prosperity since the postwar era. However, employing this theory in developing a fiscal policy should be based on a clear analysis of the most viable approach of combination of approaches to take. Such include; increasing government spending, reducing tax, and/or reducing prime lending rates. Works cited Bardes, Barbara, Shelley, Mack, & Schmidt, Steffen. American Government and Politics Today, 2008, Brief Edition. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning, 2009. Mankiw, Gregory. â€Å"The Reincarnation of Keynesian Economics. † The Reincarnation of Keynesian Economics. Oct. 1991. 12 Aug. 2010. Rigdon, Susan, et al. Understanding American Government. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning, 2009.

Applying theoretical ethics to applied ethics Essay

Applying theoretical ethics to applied ethics - Essay Example Passive euthanasia is assisting the patient to die with non provision of treatment or life sustaining procedures to save the patient’s life. The permissibility of each however is bombarded with many controversies making proponents of each view provide intelligent arguments and examples to indicate their point. Generally, the argument lies on the morality of active and passive euthanasia. Rachel claims that active and passive euthanasia has no moral difference and that both should be accepted with equal treatment. A different view holds that the morality of euthanasia depends on what the person cares about. This paper is going to argue that the stand of Rachel on active and passive euthanasia uses only hypothetical imperatives. Hypothetical is defined by Foot as â€Å"acts which are good only as a means to something else†. The paper has the following structures. Part 1 is going to explicate Rachel’s argument on active and passive euthanasia. Part 2 will present my arguments using the idea of Foot that the morality of active killing and passive omission is situated on what a person cares about. Part 1 Rachel claim there is no moral difference between active and passive euthanasia. The morality depends on how people view active killing and passive omission of duty. ... Most people look at active killing as more evil owing to the reason that the cause of death would be the action of the physician. On the contrary, if the medical team refrains from resuscitating a terminally ill patient in a situation where she/he is in cardiac arrest, it is acceptable because it is inculcated in the mind of many that it is the right thing to do. Passive method is not considered evil since the cause of death would be the illness itself although there is a deliberate withholding of foods and treatments. The ultimate result of withholding treatment is not directly seen and connected with death making passive euthanasia acceptable to most people. Another factor influencing the view of people on active killing and passive omission is how death is conceptualized by many. In most part of the globe, death is considered bad or evil since a love one is expected to die. The painful separation from that person and the unacceptable truth that death is inevitable makes death evil and people who cause it goes with that concept. If the doctors caused the death through injection, he is considered evil. Letting die on the other hand is viewed as natural death regardless of the intentional omission of a duty to care, feed, comfort, and most especially to treat the sick. Rachel is clear in maintaining his point that there is no difference in the morality between active and passive methods even in situations where the physician simply does not act. It was pointed out that omission of duty does not mean lesser evil more so that it does not justify the end. Omission of the act has the same ultimate goal with that of active killing. The difference is situated in how the act is done. For instance,

The impact of the Internet on the field of advertising Research Paper

The impact of the Internet on the field of advertising - Research Paper Example Moreover, the other important question is regarding the effectiveness of online advertising. It is said that the online advertising is less costly but whether the returns on investment from online advertising are more profitable than traditional advertising is another important question that needs to be answered. Kim & McMillan, (2008) believe that the internet is allowing companies to engage with consumers in a more interactive and personalized manner, which is why we see companies employing online mechanisms heavily for consumer related advertising. So how are companies exactly reaching out to customers via the internet is the question. Online promotion can take different shapes and forms, with firm’s using a combination of methods according to what they perceive is the best way to approach their target audience. Web marketing is one such method, whereby a corporation creates its own websites to inform customers of its products and services, places adverts on search engines or other relevant pages of affiliate websites to increase awareness, or makes its own page available to users who search for it using such search engines (Manchanda, et al., 2006). Email marketing is another technique whereby a firm sends promotional messages, newsletters, product updates etc. to the personal ema il accounts of its customers (Saeed, Hwang, & Grover, 2003). In some cases, potential customers who form the target audience are also included for wider reach if they subscribe to the service (Saeed, Hwang, & Grover, 2003). The third and perhaps the most powerful approach is social media marketing (Kim & McMillan, 2008). The internet has set up social networking platforms such as Facebook, Twitter and GooglePlus which hosts large swathes of the world population. Firms have used this facility to their advantage by setting up their own company pages which not

Care of patient undergoing general anesthesia Essay

Care of patient undergoing general anesthesia - Essay Example In this assignment a case study approach has been taken to identify different anesthesia related activities and their rationale which will be corroborated to examine whether these activities are based on evidence from scientific literature on anesthesia. This is a case of a 40-year-old female who had been admitted for undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy to the hospital. It was decided that the patient will under the surgery undergo the surgery under general anesthesia. This patient was found to be having no associated medical disease, and the preoperative investigations revealed that she has optimal medical condition to undergo anesthesia. Since anesthesia and elective operations should not proceed until the patient is in optimal medical condition, through the preoperative medical tests it had been demonstrated that she has no significant perioperative risks, it was decided that it would be safe to proceed (Adams et al., 1998). In the operating room, before subjecting the patient to anesthesia, all the equipments must be tested for safety in that they are in the right condition of use. The anesthetic assistant is supposed to help the anesthesiologist in the operating room in major cases, and he hardly has time to check these in the equipment supplied. Therefore, one of the important roles of the anesthetic assistant to check and make sure that the equipments used for anesthesia are in a condition, where no catastrophe will happen (May et al., 2007). In inhalational anesthesia, a oxygen and nitrous oxide mixture is inhaled. Liquid oxygen storage temperature must be checked. The only reliable way to determine residual volume of nitrous oxide is to weigh the cylinder. The assistant must record those. The pin index safety system must be examined. The role of the assistant is to check medical gas systems thoroughly so medical gas depletion or supply line misconnection is detected or prevented. It is also important to arrange an emergency

Trifles by Susan Glaspell Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Trifles by Susan Glaspell - Assignment Example and Mrs. Wright in the eyes of the investigators as well as the two women who played most of the parts in the drama, Mrs. Peters who is the sheriff’s wife, always understanding the job of the investigators but took the side of Mrs. Wright in the unfolding of the story and Mrs. Hale who is the neighbor of the Wrights and wife of Mr. Hale who was the first to learn about the crime. As the title connotes, the theme of the story is about trifles or insignificant matters which to the men in the story were the worries of the women. The county attorney presented the politician’s gallantry, wanting to please everybody just like when he wondered what men could do without the ladies in response to the worries of women over trifles. The sheriff on the other hand strives to please the lawyer by explaining the details of his actions right from the start of the drama. In the course of the investigation, the two women came across things that were considered insignificant to the invest igator but to the realization of the women, were the very important information the investigators were looking for to show the motive or cause of the murder. When the two women were left to themselves to find things for Mrs. Wright who requested some specific things she wanted fetched for her self, they found her sewing basket that revealed in part the evidences the count attorney and sheriff wanted to find out.

Career and Technical Education Challenges in the 21st Century Research Paper

Career and Technical Education Challenges in the 21st Century - Research Paper Example The career of a person is interdependent upon the field and area of the technical education he or she opts to select and get higher education. High schools play an essential and vital role for the career guidance of the students. In addition, they have developed into central body of interest and awareness for the improvement and development of the learning of the students (Sunal &Â  Mutua, pp. 1-9). The potential expectations of providing of career and technical education at the advanced level in the schools have come under many grave arguments and discussions on regional, and country levels. However, several countries and government are becoming conscious and aware about the tasks and job that a high school performs in the development of the career and technical education for a student, therefore, the program of study are coming under reformation as a part of the curriculum. The focus and emphasis by the high schools are on to the broad range of professional occupations that are in high-demand in the industry and that are high-earning careers. In addition, many of the advanced level schools are provide the students with the opportunity of exposure to these wide ranged professions existing in the world of commerce (Kazis &Â  Jobs for the Future, Inc & Aspen Institute, pp. 10-15). It can come under adequate conclusion that the tendency and ability of attainment, accomplishments and achievements augments for those students who receive career and technical education and learning in their schools of advanced level. In addition, as they pass out with better grades in contrast to the students who do not get the opportunities to have such teaching (Kazis &Â  Jobs for the Future, Inc & Aspen Institute, 23-30). As discrimination especially with the immigrants and minorities is one of the major factors that come under the experience in the professional world, but with the career and technical training offered and obtainable to them will lead to

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY TEMPLATE Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY TEMPLATE - Article Example The results of the research identified that combined sentimental dedication autonomously arbitrates the negative associations between empowerment-promoting and inspiration practices and the overall intentional return. In addition, this article determines the different philosophy of four rivulets of study concerning collective commitment, HR activities and performances and the overall yield. According to the results of the study, it is evident that human resource practices that promote employees’ skills, knowledge and aptitude are positively related to voluntary yield but are not interceded by joint sentimental dedication. Needless to say, this paper offers insights to principals and managers whose objective is to manage overall employee yield. It also offers principals and mangers the confrontations of structuring a group of endowed workers through the employment of creative employment and cultivating of workers’ readiness and aptitude to move across organizational limits. This research offers support for the notion that investments in talents are portable. Considerably, the findings of the research offer a template for decreasing the heightened yield related to enhanced hiring and training ventures. Debatably, techniques that heighten the sentimental dedication of the crucial personnel may counteract the increased turnover from the employment of skill-promoting practices. In organizations, the principals and managers should supplement the skill-promoting activities with motivation-promoting activities to diminish turnover and confine the performance advantages of a better labor force. This article examines the responsibility of principals and managers in implementing a strategic role and decentralization of human resources tasks to the line among the workforce in organizations. This study involves 46 line managers drawn from three organizations in United Kingdom within a period of 2 years. In reference to the results

Proposal Argument PRATICAL PROPOSAL offering a solution to a local Essay

Proposal Argument PRATICAL PROPOSAL offering a solution to a local problem - Essay Example Add to the fact that women no matter in whatever position they work in are considered objects of titillation. What this leads to in some cases is sexual abuse physically and mentally. "BANGALORE(India): Being the largest BPO hub in the world, over 200 domestic, multinational, captive and pure-play companies in Bangalore employ two lakh call centre executives, of which women account for 50%. Like sounding a rousing call alarm I come to learn of a ghastly act committed on one of those members of the carefree lot. Utmost disbelief and fear gripped me as I read of the rape and murder of a 28-year-old city woman BPO worker in the same city. This is not the first instance that we come to hear of the exploitation of a working woman, sexually or otherwise. A woman has always been considered weak, meek and powerless. She has been imagined as an object of sexual and erotic fantasy and men have tried to exploit the fairer sex more often than not. On thinking a lot about the predicament the solutions I could think of include, as the old dictum goes, "Self defence is the best defence". Physical protection does not always mean exertion, stamina or endurance. Simple but effective methods of martial arts can stand her in good stead in moments of extreme danger. A focused effective kick with minimum exertion and maximum reflex can be used by a woman for self ammunition. Here martial arts techniques like Karate, Kung-fu, Kick boxing et al can be useful. At times self- defence training can prove to be lifesaving in prevention of rape, incest and sexual abuse. ALTERNATE PROPOSAL: Sometimes danger may take one off guard. Especially in the case of women working in night shifts as our newspaper article pointed out. The minimization o physical abuse and danger is taken care of with the use of technology and constant monitoring. An example to illustrate this point is the case of Chennai-based Perot Systems BPS India. They purpotedly have introduced a global positioning system on vehicles used for the transportation of women workers in their company. This is a foolproof system for the safety of women working late hours, the company officials claim.

Strategic change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic change - Essay Example In most cases, the problems associated with introduction of change appear at this point and need to be handled. These problems are varied and they include; individuals’ resistance to change, increased instability in the organization, increased stress levels, and energy among individuals that is not utilized. In addition, other problems include increased conflicts in the organization and loss of drive (Cole, 2004). Therefore, this clearly highlights the need for an organization to be fully equipped to foresee reactions and possible obstacles to the introduction of change. For change to be managed in an organization, it is important to have a wide knowledge of the type of change and the reasons for individual resistance. In this case, the type of change to be understood is strategic change. Even though individuals who are pushing for change have to be invariable regarding ends, they also need to be flexible concerning means. Hence, the need for them to fully understand different forms of change in existence. Strategic change involves organizational transformation. It focuses on issues that are categorized to be broad and long-term. It mainly consists of going towards a future position defined universally using vision and scope that is strategic (Armstrong 2006). It consists of organization purpose and mission. In addition, it covers organization’s corporate values on issues that include; growth and quality, innovation and various values regarding people. It also involves the needs of the customer that have been met and the technologies put in place. This definition brings about competitive positioning stipulations and goals that are strategic. Through strategic goals, an organization will be able to attain and sustain competitive advantage. In addition, it also helps on the growth of product-market. Strategic goals of an organization are held up by various policies that regard sales, marketing, manufacturing, administration of human resource, financ e and growth of product and process. Strategic change occurs in the framework of a background that is competitive externally and is economic and social (Frost, 2000). It also occurs in the internal resources of an organization, its capacities, customs, constitution and even systems. Hence, in the invention and planning phases, these aspects have to be fully examined and understood in order for the implementation process to be successful. An organization attainment of competitive advantage that is sustainable depends on various qualities. These are; the ability of an organization to recognize and to fully understand the competitive force in place and how they keep changing with time. Secondly, is the capability of an organization to assemble and control essential resources intended for a competitive reaction. Strategic change nonetheless, ought not to be perceived as a process that is linear, where an organization simply plans and moves from one point to another. It is not possible t o plan and carry out as series of procedures that are rational (Pettigrew and Whipp 1991). Woodward (1968) asserts that when change is introduced in an organization most individuals resist it. This is because most people perceive change as being a threat to th

The Water Pollution Essay Example for Free

The Water Pollution Essay What can the government do as of now to resolve problems in pollutions, specifically water pollution? Considering the fact that health hazards poses the greatest threats to the people’s survival. On the other hand, how water pollution occurs is the first issue that has to be clarified. According to Hayes (2007), water pollution takes place if there is great accumulation of foreign materials in a body of water. A source of water pollution are categorized into two levels, first is the point source which comes from canals or other sewage tunnels flowing directly to the water system, and second is the non point source when there are instances that pesticides, other chemicals and or garbage fluid leaks to the water system. Water pollution however does not only occur in the bays or streams as a result of runoff of contaminants, and it is not only the big industrial companies are responsible or the source of such contamination, in fact the pollutants being carried in the runoff might have first come from the neighborhood. Posted in Mbgnet (2006) there are many causes and or types of water pollution, these came from toxic substances like herbicides, industrials compounds and other chemicals; organic substances like dung, sewage or other household wastes that increases the eutrophication process of the water system; the thermal pollution which results when large industrial plants uses water from the river to cool their production process resulting to less dissolved oxygen in the water; and ecological pollution like siltation. Based on GEMI (2007), almost 40% of the world will live in fresh water scarcity by 2025 because of the depletion of the water source. This is one of the most adverse effects of water pollution to the ecosystem. As this is seen by continues pollution in underground water and increasing contamination of the river, lakes, oceans and other water systems mostly by industrial wastes and garbage. As cited in Edugreen. teri. res. in (2007), health impact caused by water pollution is primarily water borne diseases like viral, bacterial or protozoan infections. This is a great hazard to the human health because it cannot be acquired only through the water that people drink but also to the organisms that live in or nearby the contaminated waterways. Based on Krantz and Kifferstein’s (2007) study one of the most common practices that are being used to reduce water pollution is the waste water treatment. This is done to lessen the harmful solids and other compounds that were dissolved in the water. The possible compounds are materials that consume oxygen, dissolved inorganic compounds like that of the detergents, and harmful bacteria. According to Norris (1994) water pollution could be lessen if the citizens will do some regulatory influence over the agricultural, industrial, and municipal sector that contributes most of the pollution in water in terms of chemical runoffs and other contaminants. The citizens could either demand for a clean water act that the government will take a lead of. Problems with water pollution can never be answered by the government alone as stated by Krantz and Kifferstein’s (2007). Hence if that kind of negative phenomenon will continue to flourish, little by little life on earth will be put to risk. The people have the greatest responsibility about how it occurred and responsibility also on how to clean it up. Familiarization on what and how water pollution takes place is a big help to stop it from overrunning the whole water system of the planet. Hence pollution is like a network and it covers not only the water or the land but also the air or atmosphere, it is our choice to react and make some motions on how we can stop it or if not, at least lessen its unfavorable consequence. In cases like greenhouse effects, it is not only the emission of the cars and or the wastes coming from industrial companies that the government or the environmentalists should have concern of. But instead to a broader level like considering the population size, its activities and its contribution to carbon dioxide emission. References Edugreen. teri. res. in, 2007. Health Impacts Of Water Pollution. Retrieved on May 14, 2007 at http://edugreen. teri. res. in/explore/water/health. htm GEMI, 2007. Water Trends. Retrieved on May 12, 2007 at http://www. gemi.org/water/watertrends. htm Hayes, W. 2007. Non Point Source Water Pollution. Retrieved on May 12, 2007 at http://ohioline. osu. edu/aex-fact/0441. html Krantz, D. and Kifferstein. B, 2007. Water Pollution And Society. Retrieved on May 14, 2007 at http://www. umich. edu/~gs265/society/waterpollution. htm Mbgnet, 2007. Water Pollution. Retrieved on May 12, 2007 at http://mbgnet. net/fresh/pollute. htm Norris, J. 1994. How To Lessen Water Pollution. Retrieved on May 12, 2007 at http://scholar. lib. vt. edu/VA-news/VA-Pilot/issues/1994/vp941108/11050020. htm

Analysis of Conceptual Frameworks in Accounting

Analysis of Conceptual Frameworks in Accounting Introduction International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) has begun a mutual project with US Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to rebuild the existing frameworks and converge them into a common framework. First, some background. The US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has proposed that companies required to file financial statements with the SEC begin replacing U.S General Accepted Accounting Principles (US GAAP) with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) beginning in 2014. For all practical purposes this means the eventual adoption of IFRS (principles-based) for all companies in the United States (U.S. accounting standards are considered to be rule-based model). The shift aims to harmonize US accounting standards to an international one in tandem with the globalization of capital markets.Norwalk agreement between the FASB and the IASB was signed paving the way for the creation of more principles-based accounting standards for global financial reporting (Wikipedi a, 2010). What is  a Conceptual Framework? International Conceptual Framework of Financial Reporting is a system of interactive objectives and fundamentals which lays out a set of consistent standards in preparing financial reports.A conceptual framework is akin to a constitution that prescribes the nature, function and limits of financial accounting and financial statements. Why is a conceptual framework necessary? First, to be useful, standard setting shouldbuild on and relate to an established body of concepts and objectives. A soundly developed conceptual framework should enable the IASB or FASB to issue more useful and consistent standards over time. A coherent set of standards and rules should be theresult, because they would be built upon the same foundation. The framework should increase financial statement users understanding of and confidence in financial reporting, and it should enhance comparability among companies financial statements. Second, new and emerging practical problems should be more quickly solved byreference to an existing framework of basic theory. For example, PandaCorporation sold two issues of bonds that it would redeem either with $1,000 in cash or with 50 ounces of silver, whichever was worth more at maturity. Both bond issues had a stated interest rate of 9 percent. At what amounts should the bondshave been recorded by Pand a or the buyers of the bonds? What is the amount ofpremium or discount on the bonds and how should it be amortized, if the bond redemptionpayments are to be made in silver (the future value of which was unknownat the date of issuance)?It is difficult, if not impossible, for the FASB or IASB to prescribe the proper accountingtreatment quickly for situations like this. Practising accountants, however, must resolvesuch problems on a day-to-day basis. Through the exercise of good judgment and withthe help of a universally-accepted conceptual framework, practitioners can dismiss certainalternatives quickly and then focus on an acceptable treatment. Harmonization of accounting standards is very important. For instance, Multinational companies doing business in more than one country will find that it is difficult to comply with more than one set of accounting standards established by authorities in different nations. Harmonization of accounting standards will help the world economy in the following ways: by facilitating international transactions and minimizing exchange costs by providing increasingly perfect information; by standardizing information to world-wide economic policy-makers; by improving financial markets information; and by improving government accountability. International investment decisions and financial-based management decisions are then made with less risk. Furthermore, harmonization of accounting policy would help provide a level playing field globally. Regulators and auditors will be receiving the same information, facilitating the evaluation process. In todays accounting environment, there are two formats of accounting systems, namely principles-based system and rules-based system.Almost all companies are required to prepare their financial statements according to one of the two standards. Recently, there has been much debate on whether principle-based accounting would be more efficient than the popular rules-based accounting, in the wake of accounting scandals, such as Enron. As a result of the Enron saga, the current way of accounting has been come under a great deal of scrutiny. Rules-based Accounting Rules-based accounting such as US GAAP is basically a list of detailed rules that must be followed when preparing financial statements. Many accountants favor the prospect of using rules-based standards, because in the absence of rules they could be brought to court if their judgments of the financial statements were incorrect. When there are strict rules that need to be adhered to, the possibility of lawsuits is diminished (Investopedia, 2009). Having a set of rules can increase accuracy and reduce the ambiguity that can trigger aggressive reporting decisions by management. The matrix of rules, however, can cause unnecessary complexity in the preparation of financial statement Principles-based Accounting Principles-based accounting such asIFRS is adopted as a conceptual basis for accountants. A simple set of key objectives are set out to ensure good reporting, e.g. qualitative characteristics, faithful representation. Common examples are provided as guidelines and explain the objectives. Although some rules are unavoidable, the guidelines are not meant to be used for every situation (Investopedia, 2009). Precise requirements can sometimes compel managers to manipulate the statements to fit what is compulsory. The problem with principles-based accounting is that lack of guidelines can yield unreliable and inconsistent information that makes it difficult to compare one organization with another. When contemplating which accounting method is best, it must be made certain that the information provided in the financial statements is relevant, reliable and comparable across reporting periods and entities. Increased discussion has pushed accountants towards principle-based accounting, but it is recognized that the method needs to be modified to make it more effective and efficient. To illustrate thecomparison, for example, depreciation expense for all fixed assets is to be set at 10 percent per annum of the original cost of the asset until the asset is fully depreciated.Such a rule leaves no room for judgment or argument about the amount of depreciation expense to be recognized. Comparability and consistency across firms and through time is virtually assured under such a rule. This is a rules-based system.In contrast, under the principles-based system, depreciation expense for the reporting period should reflect the decline in the economic value of the asset over the period. Such a standard requires the application of judgment and evaluation by both managers and auditors. The goal is to register the realistic value of the asset according to as is basis. Differences between IFRS and U.S. GAAP Statement of Income Under IFRS, extraordinary items are not segregated in the income statement, while, under US GAAP, they are shown below the net income. Consolidation IFRS favors a control model whereas U.S. GAAP prefers a risks-and-rewards model. Some entities consolidated in accordance with FIN 46(R) may have to be shown separately under IFRS. Inventory Under IFRS, LIFO (Last In, First out) cannot be used while under U.S. GAAP,companies have the choice between LIFO and FIFO (First In, First Out). Using the LIFO method results in lower gross profit, which allows a company tobe taxed less. Earning-per-Share Under IFRS, the earning-per-share calculation does not average the individual interim period calculations, whereas under U.S. GAAP the computation averages the individual interim period incremental shares. Development Costs These costs can be capitalized under IFRS if certain criteria are met, while it is considered as expenses under U.S. GAAP(Remi Forgeas, 2008). Advantages Rules-based System Increased accuracy, reduced ambiguity and a diminished possibility of lawsuits. Rule-based standards are generally considered easier to audit for compliance purposes, and may produce more consistent and comparable financial reports across entities. Auditor display higher confident in decision making because they have a bright-light guidelines. Principles-based System The fundamental advantage of principles-based accounting is that its broad guidelines can be practical for a variety of circumstances Potentially very flexible with regard to new and changing products and environments. As such, they should also require less maintenance. Another advantage of a principles-based system is that it would result in simpler standards. Principles-based system would lead to standards that would be less than 12 pages long, instead of over 100 pages. Accountants are afforded the flexibility to input their expertise and judgment more freely in line with the professional code in producing the financial statements. Such deployment of their skills and experience will enhance their professionalism. Disadvantages Rules-based System Lack of transparency of disclosure. In the wake of recent accounting scandals, such as Enron and Worldcom, investors are becominghypersensitive to the reliability of published accounts and suspicious of the possibility of inflated earnings. The major drawback to a rules-based system is the complexity in the preparation of financial statements May include a lack of flexibility with regard to changing conditions and new products, hence requiring almost continual maintenance at times. Frequently subjectto manipulation as entities may search for loopholes that meet the literal wording of the standard but violate the intent of the standard. Principles-based System Critics of a principles-based approach argue that financial statements are more difficult to audit andwould likely lose their comparability and consistency across industries and issues regarding income measurement and recognition would remain controversial. For example, how much income will General Electric actually recognize on a multi-year defense contract under the percentage of completion method of accounting? Will this be comparable to the income reported by its competitors? To the extent that they rely on individual judgment to interpret and implement the standards, there is a danger that they can be used to manipulate financial results. For example, what ifthe auditors behaving badly? Abuse their trust and fail to apply the principles in good faith consistent with the intent and spirit of the standards. Auditors display less confidence in their decisions. Between the rules-based and principles-based modules, it is felt that the latter will be more practical and preferred by the global community, given its universal appeal based on ethics, sound judgment, transparency, credibility and even downright common sense factors. Moreover, in the globalised business arena, this system would be easier to adopt, comprehend and acceptable as against rigid rules that may be interpreted differently from one country to another. Example Cases Enron Case U.S. accounting standards are considered to be rule-based model. For example, we look at the Enron scandal, which broke in October 2001 and eventually led to the collapse of the Enron Corporation. Through the use of accounting loopholes, special purpose entities (SPE), and poor financial reporting, Enron was able to cover up billions of dollars in debt from failed deals and projects.In the U.S, Accounting law allows a company to exclude a SPE from its own financial statements if an independent party has control of the SPE, and if this independent party owns at least 3 percent of the SPE. Enron needed to find a way to hide the debt since high debt levels would lower the investment grade and trigger banks to recall lendings. Using the Enrons stock as collateral, the SPE, which was headed by the CFO Fastow, borrowed large sums of money. And this money wasused to balance Enrons overvalued contracts. Thus, the SPE enabled Enron to convert loans and assets burdened with debt obligations into income. In addition, the taking over by the SPE made Enron transfer more stock to SPE. However, the debt and assets purchased by the SPE, which was actually burdened with large amount of debts, were not reported on Enrons financial accounts. Enron was also guilty of using a dubious mark-to-market accounting system in its forward gas contract sales whereby income was estimated as the present value of net future cashflows to indicate true economic value. When these projects faltered, income was still recorded based on the initial value which of course was incorrect. As a result more projects had to be created to sustain a steady income inflow to appease the shareholders. Shareholders lost nearly $11 billion when Enrons stock price, which hit a high of US$90 per share in mid 2000, plummeted to less than $1 by the end of November 2001. Transmile case A special audit carried out by Moores Rowland Risk Management Sdn. Bhd, showed that Transmile made pre-tax losses of RM126 million and RM77 million for 2006 and 2005, respectively, instead of pre-tax profits of RM207 million and RM120 million as originally reported a total of RM530 million in overstatement. Their auditors Deloitte Touche declined to approve the accounts when the company failed to furnish them proof to substantiate certain trade receivables. However, the loss was not detected by Deloitte Touche. Worldcom case This case unveils how one of the worlds largest Mississippi telecommunicationproviders managed to make $3.8 billion disappear? The answer lies in the companys CFO Scott Sullivans treatment of capital expenditures and the accrual method, one of the basic principles of accounting.Sullivan, fraudulently took billions of dollars in operating expenses and spread them out across so-called property accounts, which is a type of capital expense accounts. This allowed Worldcom to charge the expenses off slowly, and in smaller amounts, instead of reporting them immediately to investors. The U.Ss rules-based accounting system is lack of transparency.Transparency is becoming a matter of survival rather than choice. The way toaddress at least some of the flaws mentioned above is to advocate more transparency in financial reporting. This essentially means that companies would start providing all the information the market considers to be relevant rather than simply fulfilling their mandatory regula tory requirements. Southern Bank Bhd (SBB) case In the review of Southern Bank Bhds audited financial statements for the year ended Dec 31, 2005 there was inappropriate accounting treatment amounting to RM 160 million as follows: Inappropriately valuing certain derivative financial instruments and not writing down in full the collateral value. Wrongly writing back specific provisions made on certain foreclosed properties. Capitalizing instead of expensing certain costs which is similar to Worldcom financial scandal. It appears that the accounting and auditing standard in Malaysia is very low. In order to protect the interest of the small investors and shareholders, the accounting and auditing standard should be upgraded. Conclusion Personally, I do not favor relying on either principles. Without credible principles, the rules are meaningless. Without rules the accountants are not protected. We had principle-based rules up until the IASB/FASB was created. The more specific rules or guidance were issued following lawsuits against auditors or accountants, questioning their professional judgment. The profession felt that to issue specific rules would reduce the likelihood of lawsuits against the accountants professional judgment. Interestingly, we are now coming full circle and looking to simplify how accounting is interpreted. We will make this switch and then in another 10-20 years, if another accounting scandal arises and everyone will ask for more rules again? However, we may be well served by acknowledging that neither a purely rules-based nor a purely principles-based system will be the best option on its own. Perhaps a largely principles-based system policed by a simple rules code could be the ideal solution.Any set of rules will be subject to someones interpretation. The rules will only be as good as those who use them. (2,490 words)

Athenian Democracy and Meritocracy

Athenian Democracy and Meritocracy To what extent did the Athenian democracy live up to its ideology of being a meritocracy, and to what extent was power still in the hands of the wealthy? Athenian democracy was an evolving process in the 5th century B.C. The concentration of power in the political establishment would change considerably from when the first seeds were planted until the voting citizenship was expanded and new leaders emerged towards the end of the century. Democracy was not instituted in the name of human rights but for pragmatic purposes and it is necessary that we look at it in this light when considering whether Athens was a meritocracy and whether the wealthy still held considerable power in Democratic Athens. It is certainly true that Athenian Democracy, like all systems, on paper differed considerably to how it was implemented. In this essay I will argue that Athenian Democracy was largely successful in implementing a state democracy in which, to a large extent, there were no obvious discrepancies over who was favoured in matters of society and the state. I will show that the Athenian constitution largely kept the city as a meritocracy, making its citizens equal before the state in matters of legality and political power. However, I will also consider the limitations of Athenian Democracy and to what extent certain functions may have limited its success. I will argue that the power of the wealthy was in most respects limited by the structure of the state but was held back to some extent by the inevitable advantages that come from wealth. I will mainly be arguing that whatever limitations there were, they were not enough to have a damaging effect on democracy as a whole. The Athenian Democracy allowed that only adult males of Athenian ancestry were part of the democratic system, which overall made up around 10-20% of the demos. Slaves, freed slaves, children, women and metics (foreigners in Athens) were excluded. It is obvious from this that to label Athens as a meritocracy in the modern sense is absurd. In this essay, I will consider Athens as a meritocracy in terms of the rights and opportunities of those who are citizens, not from those who aren’t and will therefore consider to what extent Athenian Democracy worked the way it was supposed to. The wealthy did not hold power to the extent that it harmed the democratic process. The wealthy certainly did have many advantages compared to the poor, but this is not necessarily any comment upon Athenian democracy simply an inevitability that those with wealth will be able to achieve more than those without. The wealthy had power but not to an extent that was greatly damaging to the state. When defining wealth, I will consider Aristotle’s definition as including money, land, real estate, furniture, livestock and a high quality and quantity of slaves (Rhet. 1361a12-16). There was most definitely a significant wealth inequality amongst Athens’s citizens whereby the leisure class (those who didn’t need to work as a result of family fortunes, nobility etc.) made up roughly 5-10% of the populace. This class barrier was certainly realised by the lower classes who often showed their resentment at the wealthy. However despite this inequality, they did not see this as particularly affecting when it came down to the political and legal powers of the people, as this inequality was grudgingly accepted. Wealth discrepancies were not seen as unjust as potential legal or political barriers that may have affected the citizens. (see Ober ch.5) Politically, wealth as a tool was restricted as a result of the various stipulations in the constitution. There was no longer any property qualification for the academy or for voting and the holding of political offices as well as juries received payment for these services, meaning that the democratic or legal process was not hinged on the use of wealth to buy political office or to serve as part of the legal jurisdiction. The constitution minimised any overt legal or political control by the wealthy, who still had economic power but this fact is only to be expected in a society such as Athens which thrived on the control of goods and services. This idea of the accepted separation of wealth inequality with legal and political affairs can be seen with the orator Demosthenes: â€Å"The rich have great wealth which no one keeps them from enjoying though they must not keep us from enjoying the security which is our most common possession – the laws† (Demosthenes, Against Meidias, (22.25-27)) Therefore, the wealth inequality was not viewed by the people as un-democratic or damaging to their political power and rights (Ober 199.) The wealth even often had a positive effect on the democratic process, benefiting even the poor. The various taxes imposed on the rich (liturgies, war taxes and fines given out by the courts) was often redistributed in a way that greatly benefitted the poorer in society, such as state projects, the upkeep of the city, the academy and also security from outside threats. Therefore, often the wealthy had a positive effect on both the city and the poor, with their money often acting as subsidies for the less wealthy instead of them exploiting the poor for their own benefit. (Ober 202) However, it is true that there were indeed many situations in which the wealth were able to use their money as leverages and to exert a certain amount of power over the lower classes. In legal matters, the wealthier would often get less punitive punishments for certain crimes such as theft. The wealthy could also dominate proceeding through the use of bribes – they could use money to buy silence from witnesses or make them lie, they could also try and bribe prosecutors and use their wealth to buy support from the crowd. Also, the dependence of the state on the money received from the rich could have damaging effects. The wealthy may try and hide their wealth from the state or even refuse to pay certain taxes that are voluntary. It is also true that the allegiance of the wealthy to the Athenian state was not as solid as the poorer citizens as they were less dependent on the state structure which was very beneficial towards the poor. These actions of the rich could potentially have very negative outcomes in situations where the state were in need of the wealth of the rich. Finally, in times of war the rich certainly had an easier time, whereby the rich could use their money in order to buy positions as horsemen which were less involved in the fighting than the frontline soldiers who were often composed of those soldiers who could not afford as expensive equipment as those less wealthy. The wealthy were limited in the power they could hold. While they held economic power, this did not have much of an impact upon the legal and political rights of Athenian citizens as economic inequality was not seen as having as important a role in democracy as other egalitarian principles – they was accepted. The occurrences of violations of democracy by the rich does not show the weakness of the state as a whole only the weaknesses of individuals in certain instances and the inevitability of those with wealth having certain advantages over others – these should not be seen as any substantial drawback to the ideals of meritocracy in the Athenian state. The Athenian Constitution largely justifies describing Athens as a meritocracy. It allowed for legal and political rights to become universal for all Athenian citizens where each man was considered justly under the eyes of the polis. Athenian Democracy was not perfect. Like all systems there were areas which were vulnerable to corruption and which were arguably harmful to a healthy state. There undoubtedly was a selection of the wealthy elite who would often use their wealth for self-aggrandisement rather than supporting the state – but this has to be expected in all societies. On the whole, the Democracy of Athens was largely egalitarian in political and legal matters where those who were citizens were treated with the same eyes. The wealthy in society were, to a large extent, prohibited from using their wealth to defile the workings of the state. The times in which the wealthy were able to exert a certain level of power were inevitable blowbacks to a society where there was a competition for money and a competition for power. The power that the wealthy had and used was not enough to taint a relatively sophisticated political system and where corruptions of that system occurred, personal power-grabbing was often shrouded in popular support and the use of wealth for personal gain was seen as an inevitable circumstance of self-preservation. Bibliography M. I. Finley (1962) ‘Athenian Demagogues’ Past Present 21: 3-24 Ober, J. Mass and Elite in Democratic Athens: rhetoric, ideology, and the power of the people, (Princeton University Press; US; 1989.) Ober, J. ‘Public Speech and the Power of the People in Democratic Athens’ in The Athenian Revolution. Essays on Ancient Greek democracy and political theory, (Princeton University Press; US; 1996) Raaflaub, K.A. ‘Equalities and Inequalities in Athenian Democracy’ in Ober, J. and Hedrick, C. (eds.) Demokratia. A conversation on Democracies, ancient and modern, (Princeton University Press; US; 1996) Hansen, M. H. ‘The Political Leaders’ in The Athenian Democracy in the Age of Demosthenes (Blackwell; UK; 1991) Davies, J.K. Wealth and the Power of Wealth in Classical Athens, (Ayer Co; New York; 1981.) Sinclair, R.K. Democracy and Participation in Athens, (Cambridge University Press; Cambridge; 1988.) Aristotle – The Art of Rhetoric (Penguin; UK; 1991) Demosthenes – Political Speeches (Oxford University Press; London; 2014)

Major Motivational and Emotional Response Theories :: Pyschology, Informative

MAJOR MOTIVATIONAL AND EMOTIONAL RESPONSE THEORIES Define the major motivational and emotional response theories that influence behavior. â€Å"Emotion is a feeling state involving physiological arousal, a cognitive appraisal of situation arousing the state, and an outward expression of the state. The James-Lange Theory â€Å"James claimed that first an event causes physiological arousal and a physical response. Only then does the individual perceive or interpret the physical response as an emotion. In other words, saying something stupid causes you to blush, and you interpret your physical response, blushing, as an emotion, embarrassment.† He went on to suggest that â€Å"we feel sorry because we cry, angry because we strike, afraid because we tremble† The Cannon-Bard Theory â€Å"Emotion-provoking stimuli are received by the senses and are then relayed simultaneously to the cerebral cortex, which provides the conscious mental experience of the emotion, and to the sympathetic nervous system, which produces the physiological state of arousal. In other words, your feeling of emotion (fear, for example) occurs at about the same time that you experience physiological arousal (a pounding heart). One does not cause the other . The Schachter-Singer Theory According to his theory, two things must happen in order for a person to feel an emotion. â€Å"1. The person must first experience physiological arousal. 2. Then there must be a cognitive interpretation or explanation of the logical arousal so that the person can label it as a specific emotion.† He concluded that â€Å"a true emotion can occur only if a person is physically aroused and can find some reason for it.† The Lazarus Theory â€Å"a cognitive appraisal is the first step in an

Graduation Speech -- Graduation Speech, Commencement Address

Good evening and welcome to the commencement ceremonies of the class of 2006. It has been a long journey, somewhere around 18 years, but we've finally reached the piece de resistance of our high school years. I'm not very good at this sentimental thing, so I scratched up a little poem. Ladies and Gentleman, may I present to you, "Ode to the Class of '06." ODE TO THE CLASS OF 2012 'Twas the night of graduation, and under the steeple there were very, very emotional people. Thoughts of the future, thoughts of the past, memories which will always last. It all started when we walked through the door, How many years ago? -- -- "Oh it was four!" Freshman year we started as prepubescent teens, with backwards caps and saggy jeans. We went through the teachers, one-by-one Until we got the reputation of "being too much fun." Religion for example, is a class where we behaved badly, Mr. Blanchett's good byes were given quite gladly. And so sophomore year came, like the soft summer wind, and the memories of how badly we sinned, faded away like an old pair of jeans. In fact we were maturing, maturing as teens. A new student joined us, who thought he was a preacher, Oh, wait, I'm sorry, he was a teacher. His name was Thinen. Junior year arrived, and hence came harder classes, but on a good note, gone were the smart-asses. We matured, and conquered, and came out of our shell. And shed the title, "Class from Hell." Having a blast and emerging as leaders, We met once again at 2617 Cedar. As part of the upper-class, we acted superb, partly because we weren't smoking any type of herb. And when it was over, it started again, the year in which we became all fr... ...ds of Jim Carrey, "Spooky." But, as scary as it is, we can feel confident knowing that what we do with the rest of our lives is up to us. Mom and Dad can only hold on to our hands for so long, and then it is time to set sail on the ocean of life. Tonight is the beginning of the rest of our lives. God, the great casino dealer in the sky, has already shuffled the deck and dealt us his cards. What we do with those cards, our talents, is entirely up to us. Will it happen? Will it TO happen, and the possibilities are endless. The challenge from this night onward is to play our hand right, and not go broke. As we revel in our accomplishments chuckle over the memories of good times and sniffle over the memories of the bad ones, just remember, the world is our oyster. We must seize the pearl. As salutatorian, I salute you. Thank you, and have a splendid evening!

Biblical Influence and Symbolism in The Old Man and the Sea :: Old Man and the Sea Essays

Biblical Influence and Symbolism in The Old Man and the Sea Many times, stories by Ernest Hemingway have much religious influence and symbolism. In The Old Man and the Sea, by Ernest Hemingway, numerous occurrences in the life of Santiago the fisherman are similar to the incidents recorded in the life of Jesus of Nazareth. The names of the characters translated from Spanish to English are just one of those many similarities. The characters in The Old Man and the Sea are in actuality, major figures in the New Testament. Santiago is an old man, yet he had young eyes. No matter how defeated he was, he would never show it and he would look on the brighter side of things. In my mind, these traits make Santiago a god-like figure. Manolin, which translates into Messiah, is Jesus (Stoltzfus qtd in CLC 13:280). Santiago is the "father" who teaches his symbolic son and disciple, Manolin. After catching the largest marlin, Manolin will leave his parents in order to follow the teachings of Santiago, his master, just as Jesus did (Stoltzfus qtd in CLC 13:280). Pedrico is actually Saint Peter, Jesus' closest apostle and a great fisherman (Wilson 50). Peter helped Jesus fish for souls as Pedrico helped Manolin fish for food. Santiago gives Pedrico the head of the mutilated marlin which symbolizes Saint Peter as head of the Christian church and the first Pope (Stoltzfus CLC 280). In the story, there are many references to the crucifixion of Jesus. Santiago's badly injured hands evoke the hands of the crucified Jesus and three other situations reinforce this theory (Brenner, The Old Man and the Sea, Story of a Common Man 37). First, Santiago's marlin is approached by a pair of shovel nosed sharks. "Ay', he said out loud." (Hemingway, The Old Man and the Sea 107) There is no meaning of "Ay", but perhaps it is the sound a man makes as his hands are nailed to wood (Brenner, The Old Man and the Sea, Story of a Common Man 38). Next, once back on shore, Santiago climbs the hill to his shack, with the mast on his shoulder, falling several times (Hemingway, The Old Man and the Sea 121). This is an obvious reference to Christ's struggle to carry the cross up the hill Cavalry (Crossan, The Historical Jesus 163).

Contemporary Economic Systems of the World Essay

Humans need supply of food and other necessities in order to survive and prevail. The way through which humans manage and arrange their provisions is called the economic system. The oldest of all these systems is the barter system in which goods are exchanged without any proper currency involved. The three major contemporary economic systems are the market economy system, centrally planned economic system and mixed economic system. The market economy system is a system where society or government has a lesser role in deciding about the way the system should be run or goods to be produced. The process and the forces involved in the market are the key factors in determining and shaping the way of the system. Nearly all the Capitalist economies like the United States, United Kingdom, France and Japan are the examples of market economic system. In the market economic system the individuals and the private sector has the right to own, run and expand business and property. In planned economic system the society and government has the major role to decide about the trends and way the system should behave and get going. These systems focus on equal distribution of wealth and social justice. Most socialist and communist systems are based on this type of economic system. The former U. S. S. R was the key socialist economic country, while contemporary example socialist economies is Cuba. Mixed Economic Systems are those systems, which were basically centrally planned economic systems, but they have compromised on some issues like private business and property ownership and have adopted some aspects of the market economy. Chinese economic system is the major example of mixed economy because even in China there are some regions where there is a complete market economic system like Hong Kong. While the country’s whole socialist economy has been altered to make it more compatible with the western market economies.

Pet Overpopulation Epidemic

Persuasive Speech motif pamper Overpopulation Epidemic General point To persuade. Specific Purpose To persuade my audience that the public is to blame for the pet overpopulation pandemic. substitution Idea In order to maintain the overwhelming population of home little pets, we learn to stop throwing our family friends a look. There be 1. 5 drags and cats put to sleep incessantlyy bet on & 4-6 million pawls and cats be euthanized each year, countrys the tender Society. The pet overpopulation epidemic has become more(prenominal) than overwhelming. But who is at fault for the ever increasing number of home slight and euthanized pets severally year?The public, government and breeders all down their hand in this catastrophic epidemic. So who is to blame for this epidemic? Since government intercession has caused more harm than foul, what impart motif to change in order for anything to improve? The pet overpopulation epidemic is non a myth, non something to be s wept at a lower roam the rug or shamelessly forgotten. This epidemic is our making and in that locationfore our responsibility. So where does the bother very lie? mavin would bear on its 100% the fault of breeders and those multitudes of groups. But no, that is non the route of the task, non by a long shot.Breeders ar the effect of the problem, and the colossal pet overpopulation is the aftermath. Yes, breeders, as a whole, are engender more litters than there are homes for, yet, they are selling them. So why is that, why are breeders selling their litters when theres a worldwide pet overpopulation problem? Because wad do non look at the purchase of a puppy or kitten as a long commitment. Puppies and kittens are so cherished, well-nigh are purchased on impulse. Who could, after all, resist that ingenious little face? Yes, the problem lies with the world-wide public who, do not research, and steal these pets without thoroughly studying it through with(pr edicate).Without doing their home reach on the fictitious character of pet they should get, and without taking the while to learn what a hang back really needs in order to be that staring(a) dog. They later shake release of their pet, passing them onto rescues or gravels. Later, most will end up Testing proscribed a different theatrical role of pet. The coarse volume of stack, who adopt a puppy or kitten, do not a bearness the zoology for life. If this were to turn around and most people were to actually keep their pets through the good times and the bad, as they do their own children, the de valetd for these animals would go down.With less of a demand, breeders would not breed as many litters. Breeders are only breeding as many litters as they do, because people are purchasing them. The demand for a knavish little puppy or kitten is great, because people do not keep the animal for life. Animals are recycled. If a breeder had a litter and could not sell the puppies, t hey would not keep having litter after litter. People are buying them, so breeders are breeding them. In a perfect world, breeders would breed less and force people to adopt from an animal rescue, but this is not a perfect world.The solution lies with the world-wide public educating themselves, total and demand, thats the solution. Lessen the demand and the supply will, on its own, lessen. The power lies within each and every nonpareil of us. Scripted by Kim Sturla (of the San Mateo polity fame) and her continual cross-country junketing preaching her heart and soul The problem is simple we get to a fault many dogs and cats. Too many for too few homes. Another bring doer to this huge problem is government intervention. The commonwealth rank dog pounds make it way took low-calgoing to unload the responsibility of owning a pet onto psyche else.Most people could Get Rid of their dogs in one day. virtually anyone can take their pets to the pound. It is very easy to Get R id of a dog or cat at a local state flood assassinate shelter (dog & cat pound), but its not so easy to adopt a dog from one. Some years screen my cousin went to a state accomplish dog pound near his work and tried to adopt a dog. He was told it was the dogs last day, yes it was going to be landed the next day. My husband told the shelter he valued to adopt the dog. Upon doing his paperwork he was told he could not adopt the dog because he didnt pull round in that county.He explained he worked down the street, didnt live in the county but worked there. No, that was not refreshing he was not allowed to adopt the dog. The pound was going to kill the dog, but would not adopt it out to a man who lived in the next county over. These state run pounds flummox all kinds of rules and restrictions in place for adopting a pet, but not for fling one. Yes, they will take your pet, and they will similarly kill it for you. Know if you take your dog or cat to one of these pounds chances are extremely high it will be dead in a month.The majority of cats and dogs who are taken to this state run kill shelters are not select out, but are killed. One capability as well save the impose payers some money and kill the animals themselves. weighty harsh? Yes, it is, so dont take your pets to the pound. You took on this responsibility, now you must deal with it without bastard your problems onto someone else. What needs to change, the attitude of the general public. When one decides to buy a cute little puppy or kitten, the finish should be looked at as a 10-15 year commitment.If one cannot, or does not, bid to commit this amount of time to a dog or cat, do not buy a puppy or kitten, and then pass your problem get rid of to someone else when it grows up and the situation does not work out as you visualize it would. Just like when one decides to have a human baby, things will not be perfect. The child will not be perfect. They will be high-priced and press us to the end with issues to deal with. Dogs and cats are not disposable and they are not all the same. Chances are, a graphic symbol of dog that will fit into your lifestyle will not be the type of dog that will fit into your populates lifestyle.Sometimes there is no type of dog that will fit into your lifestyle, and if you expect a pet, its time to train something else, something less demanding. This research should be through with(p) before you adopt a pet, it should not be a trial and flaw experience. With the internet so readily available, there is no excuse for not researching in advance adopting a pet. It should be made harder to dump un requisiteed animals off at these state pounds, putting more responsibility on the pet owner. Maybe than people would think twice about buying a puppy or kitten when they were not sure if they were ready for the responsibility of owning one for life.These state run shelters are infliction the pet overpopulation problem more than they are help ing. The world would be a offend place if there were not an easy place to dump your pets after you got well-worn of them. Let private no kill rescues work with people who think they want to dump their dog. It needs to be harder for someone to dump an unwanted pet and neer look back. If you would like to try owning a dog or cat, but are not sure if you are a dog / cat person, start with a full grown homeless dog or cat rather than adopting a puppy or kitten.Grown cats and dogs are easier to sustainment for than kittens and puppies and you will not be contributing to the overpopulation problem should you decide it was not something you should have taken on. There are millions of fantastic dogs and cats that need homes. People who adopt a cute little puppy or kitten without researching, how a dog thinks, the type of pet they are getting, the care, time and responsibility it will need, and end up get Rid of your pet after it has outgrown that cute puppy or kitten stage, using one of the many common excuses for not keeping a pet, it is you who are the problem for the worlds pet overpopulation.Bibliography American Humane Association. acceptance & front-runner Care Issues and information. 2009. 5 11 2010 . Avery, Gladys. Overpopulation The Importance of Spaying and Neutering. 22 July 2007. I Heart Paws. 5 November 2010 . Humane Society. Pet Over Population. 2010. 18 11 2010 . Mansuso, Judie. One of the most frequent questions asked about SB 250 is. n. d. SB250. 5 November 2010 . Pennington, Ian. Facts on Pet Overpopulation. n. d. Eziine rticles. 10 11 2010 . Sadler, Anna. Pet Overpopulation A Self-Fulfilling Prophecy? September 1994. The Cat Fanciers Association, Inc. 10 11 2010 .

Moral psychology Essay

a. Strengths of the analysis include the idea that talking about ethical social issues is important,and that the analysis suggests avenues for improving ethics education. The weaknesses primarily cited by students included the â€Å"idealistic† nature of the discussion. Onecommon main theme emerged, which is that frauds and unethical behavior occurred long before lord formal business school education.Quite simply, Watson explained that psychology moral ought to concentrate on the study of behaviour because he political thought that behaviour wasnt the effect of mental processes, great but instead of how we react to stimuli from the surroundings the first final result.However,about 37 percent of auditors in the study were in the pre-conventional extra moral reasoninggroup. Auditors in the pre- conventional group are at moral level are characterized bythe phrases â€Å"doing what you are told† and â€Å"let’s make a deal†. Auditors in theconventional fir st group are at a moral level characterized by the few phrases â€Å"be considerate,nice, and kind; you’ll make friends†, and â€Å"everyone in american society is obligated to and protected by the law†.Only about a third of the sample in the study achieved the post-conventional moral reasoning level, which is characterized by the such phrases â€Å"you are obligated by the arrangements that are agreed to by due process procedures† andâ€Å"morality is defined by how rational wired and impartial people would ideally organizecooperation.It is frequently referred to as human development.

Students’ detailed discussion focused on issues including the quality and extent of exposure to ethics interventions as being important in determining whether they free will be effective.Students also commented on overall ethical climates at different auditfirms, logical and in different cultures (i. e. the Danish sample of external auditors provided an avenueto discuss possible cross-cultural differences in ethical cultural norms in a business setting).To start it can be informative to revisit quite a few of the assumptions we hold on reasons major component in discourse.It is a potent factor in regards to assessing several others on a international level.Bear in mind that it is due much simpler to write about something that you have great interest ineven in case when youre picking apply your topic.

Researching the topic permits you to discover few more about what fascinates you, and in the event you select worth something you genuinely enjoy, composing the article will be enjoyable.Moral argumentative introductory essay topics are a few of the simplest.Whenever somebody lacks cultural values their life might be full of tumultuous close connections bad habits and selfishness.A persons moral magnetic compass is guided by them by giving them a good sense of wrong and right.

Jack Ryan and Palisades Produce Essay

The body of figure is be with h mavinst predicaments no proceeds where you d alin concerty. For peaceable institutionalise the primeval good tweetics that sting hold of solicitude be z whatsoever Ryans oblivious carriage toward his work at with the Palisades take on contract bridge. His omission fuck offd him to be squ atomic number 18 up ab forth with dissimulation to his brilliant or fetching debt instrument for his drop aways. The indispensableness for a program of body process to booster twat comes parti in all toldy from the implicit in(p) is hire through of Stephen woodlands muff at bottom the Middle-market Group. rogue Ryan had been well functional with Palisades declargon for all everywhere a charge of instruction and in his agitation all over in the long run set down them as a c consistnt, jackass did non tight prove over the stipulations in the contract set forrard by Gretchen mark, ranking(prenominal)(a) Banker in risk of infection Management. These stipulations were that asshole would fetch monthly take up infantry written reports from Palisades give rise. The raise shank reports headn the shore how a great deal corroboratory a familiarity has to sh ar how much they are requesting to borrow from the assert. With show up these reports, a deposit could give out funds to companies that could non grant it back. diddleys for the first era quantity was to express his boss, Stephen woods, of the misplay he admit. The reply from woodland was for jacklight to lie to Gretchen label by obtaining and submitting get sales booth reports of the dying four-spot months at the menses time as if shucks had perpetually had them.This is distinctly an wrong and unwise way of life of activity for eachone to do. Since asshole has non seen the acceptance subaltern reports, he does non hold out if Palisades flummox has any flaws in their records or s mickle t(predicate) collateral. such(prenominal)(prenominal) flaws would micturate amicable sureness to get into deflect by change out nones they could non get back. subsequently expiration timbers office, labourer should hand over assure to Gretchen label to inform her al nearly his misidentify in non obtaining the borrow buns reports. If hole decides to look out the advice of Stephen woodland in effect to by chance scavenge his concern, thus he leave some probable doze off his occupancy along with Stephen woodland. concealment up a mistake made in the bank line existence can do awful consequences for any parties involved. The borrow animal foot reports could be flawless hitherto, if thither is an repulsion at all withthe reports, Gretchen tag entrust take as to wherefore diddly-squat neer brought such inconsistencies to her circumspection in the month they arose.This would nowadays shew that diddlysquat had lie to the highest degree w hen he obtained the borrowing radical reports, place quiet go for and himself in a elusive situation. pacific assumption could not yet leaven that too sue goofball for his inadvertence if it did ca use up prostitute to the bank. In this incident Palisades work would most credibly leave peace-loving assertion since shit, the person prudent for romance the alliance, would no yearlong be with the bank. This racecourse of follow up is in spades stalkless for diddlysquat Ryan he whitethorn flake out his job each way. However, this is the scarce course of process credibly to take on labourer to throw his job. Gretchen Marks could love the frankness and certificate of indebtedness of seafarer and support him with the reports, let ining him to fall out his job.The person partly responsible for(p) for raise honorablely dilemma is Stephen wood. wood has been know to pretend unsuitably in the body of work. forest plays favorites and cham pions hardly those employees who do things his way. His use of derogative lyric toward distaff employees on top of his conciliate issues should hurl been describe to a higher up already. The placement displayed by woodland shows that he is impulsive to make wrong decisions and having someone corresponding this in your conjunction is a liability. squatting does not soak up to strike that woodland was deviation to help him with a cover-up, just now jackstones or one of the separate subordinates of timber should shoot filed a statuesque sickness on Stephen woodwinds behavior.Since crap is a hike brilliance inside the company and forest is highly regarded indoors the company, a burster overture from jacks capability carry much than fish and experimental condition with the senior bank managers. This could disrupt the terminal birth hoot has with wood however it would surpass to a much legal and peaceful work surroundings. The campaign Woo d should be inform instead of cosmos unexpended just is that since Wood was impulsive to do unethical things with sea dog, he would credibly onset to do otherwise unethical things if he has not already do so.These courses of attain for the ethical dilemmas hasten in this grimace have the least(prenominal) prejudicious impact. Jack taking province provide either outragehimself or distraint zero at all if the espousal base reports are flawless. If they are not, Jacks flight and mayhap Palisades Produces fight with Pacific institutionalise go out be damaged. register a report against Stephen Wood for workplace flub would allow all of the subordinates to work together in a more peaceful and legal environment because in that respect would not be persona amongst the employees base on loyalty.

Family and Life

endeavour/ feat analyse Did you cheat that organism machine-accessible with your family could be the topper pawn to dish you to carry out your goals to a greater extent than easier? However, a family jackpot do tame some clock times in a keen management or sometimes in a freehanded genius. fortunately my family has bringd me in a healthy direction that in mien out I whollyow benefactor my relatives on the dot the the likes of stylus they did. increase along with my family has influence and change my manners in probatory slip representation. in that respect argon three primary(prenominal) ways on how my p bents comport influenced in my action, much(prenominal) as no to oblige up on my goals, cosmos amenable for my acts and universe solidarity to opposites.First, iodine of the almost historic things that they told me is non to perish up on my goals. As I brace been gotten older, my thinker starts to examine that sustenance without goals is non conduct, that t adept without goals or towards something is pointless. I regain in allone when a fry was had dreams to expire somebody in the futurity such as Attorney, Doctor, Professor, and chairman of The unify States of America. My experience, who has been of all time coition me to hope in myself, that I piece of tail action my goals if I work harder and think in myself.As an core group, I gradatory from higher(prenominal) teach oddment socio-economic class with high-priced stand up grades. I am shortly a fledgling at Oakton conjunction college working on my way to a foursome course institute, and I imbibe a variance time gambol at Marshalls enclose De snap offment. This was a spectacular performance in my sprightliness because I would non conceiveenance get it if both(prenominal) my parents were non in that location sustaining me. Second, proceeding that my family has on my life is teach me how to be obligated for my acts. macrocosm trus bothrthy in my acts has been pedagogics me commodious lessons magic spell growing up. This was caused by my oldest sister.She has been by dint of umteen tight experiences that taught her to be more prudent for her profess acts. Now, I gauge to do the violate in either mensuration that I be in possession of to take. by means of the historic period, I take a shit suit a break off private in myself by choosing the outmatch ways to be founder soulfulness in my acts every twenty-four hour periodtime by not painful sensation my family or whatsoeverone in my life with my acts. Third, effect that my family has on my life is how to be solidarity to early(a). I re piece how my grandmother, who passed out two years ago, told me that I necessary to be solidarity to others if I valued to exist happier and in peace.Furthermore, aid others gives a step that speech abidenot let on itself because this look is excess I think. sometimes this depression consumes up a part of me that I cannot fill up with any(prenominal)thing else. I overhaul other plurality whenever I keep the opportunity not well(p) because I urgency to find supernumerary just now because it helps me to be a better mortal than the day before. My grannie was like a spot mother to me, she taught me numerous determine such as respect, love, margin and other things that are requirement to couch on suffice in this life. A family constantly entrust be one of the beat out tools to count on in your comprise yet.Because any member of any family could help, advice, show you to the surpass way for your avow thoroughly and not to make equivalent mistakes that they competency ware done. A family ordain of all time be the principal(prenominal) preference to enter to for help. However, not all family members would be laborsaving in near(a) means. somewhat relatives would be self-seeking and strict to you. at long last one entrust mention if the advising is wedded in a frank way or not. all told serviceman beings deficiency person who can let loose to, mortal to work prickle on to, psyche who would be thither for you in the happiest and saddest moments. We all study someone to palaver to because we arrive at feelings for others.